Plant protection research institute, dong ngac, tu liem, ha noi, viet nam. Mechanical weed control is practiced by all growers but is not a substitute for herbicides. Secondary spread in the field may be through irrigation water and cultivation tools. Herbicides constitute 99% of all pesticide use in texas sugarcane. Edgerton professor of botany and bacteriology and plant pathologist, louisiana agri cultural experiment station introduction in the spring of 1927 leafstripe diseases, with symptoms similar. Sugarcane, saccharum officinarum, is a perennial grass in the family poaceae grown for its stem cane which is primarily used to produce sucrose. Sugarcane breeding institute is the sugarcane research and development institute located in coimbatore, india. Diseases of australian sugarcane sugar research australia. The sugarcane mosaic virus discolors leaves of the sugarcane plant, restricting its ability to feed itself through photosynthesis and grow. But, cane losses due to individual borers had been. Pdf disease recognition in sugarcane crop using deep learning.
Sugarcane is grown on over 420,000 acres in louisiana. All the factors put together are responsible for varietal degeneration. Sugarcane is an important industrial crop used for sugar and bioenergy. These are transmitted from one plant to another and one field to another field either by original seed set or causal organism already in the soil or spores are carried by blowing wind. Phytoplasmainfected sugarcane plants show a proliferation of tillers, which give it typical grassy appearance, hence the name grassy shoot disease. Like any commercial crop, sugarcane does have its share of pests that can sometimes cause significant crop loss in sugarcane fields. Mar 04, 2016 pests and diseases in sugarcane cultivation. Ppt sugarcane diseases powerpoint presentation free to.
V, abbott sugarcane is native to or is grown in some 50 countries or political units within approximately 40 north lati tude to 32 south. Pdf disease recognition in sugarcane crop using deep. Sereh, a blackening and degeneration of the fanlike tops, is caused by an east indian virus. Soilborne diseases basal stem rot bsr nematodes pachymetra root rot pythium root rot diagnosis when diseases occur leaf diseases severity assessment plantingmaterial diseases wholeplant diseases queensland minor diseases soilborne diseases quarantine state general glossary index acknowledgments further information metric conversion.
On the leaves the first symptom of the disease is the appearance of. Ratoon stunting disease rsd has no visible external symptoms. Pokkah boeng ratoon stunting disease rsd red rot red stripe top rot. Bacterial stripe diseases of sugarcane in louisiana 1 by w. Sugarcane in south africa hosts more than 90 species of 28 genera of plantparasitic nematodes. However, the causes, symptoms, transmission, perpetuation and control. Symptoms, source of inoculum and management of diseases of sugarcane disease ratoon stunt leifsonia xyli subsp.
Biology and control of sugarcane diseases louisiana state. Review article climate change and sugarcane production. Chapter 1 introduction in vitro approaches for improvement of sugarcane cultivar page 3 problems in sustainability of the crop. Sugarcane is the worlds largest crop by production quantity. Christopher, assistant processor of bacteriology, and c. Spaull vw 1995 a revised estimate of crop loss in sugarcane caused by nematodes. Matching with long diversity of conditions under which sugarcane is grown in the world, there is wide spectrum of pests and diseases which have come to acquire a place of priority for control on regional or interregional basis due to the agroclimatic management conditions associated with the area. Commercial crop production field crops sugarcane table 1. Assessment and identification of diseases on sugar cane. Phytocercomonas venanatans, a new species of cercozoa associated with chlorotic streak of. New red rot strains have developed which is another.
Although these ndings from the controlled environment are important for better understanding of physiological mechanisms of. Sugarcane is a vegetatively propagated crop, so the pathogen is. Foliar and head diseases glume blotch stagonospora septoria nodorum. Global production now exceeds 165 million tons a year. Found mostly on the lower leaves and then on the heads. Diseases represent an important constraint to production and profitability of this important commodity in louisiana. Major diseases sugarcane breeding institute, coimbatore. Sugarcane has a thick, tillering stem which is clearly divided into nodes and internodes. In india, more than 50 diseases were recorded in sugarcane crop during different occasions viswanathan and rao, 2011. A vast majority of these describing agronomic practices are adequate in written text, but are inadequate in directing the reader about field practical skills in growing sugarcane. More than 50 diseases are reported in sugarcane, fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes cause the most. It is an important crop for thousands of small farmers with only a few acres. It is government of india enterprise major diseases sugarcane breeding institute, coimbatore, india. Seventeen diseases of sugarcane have been found in vietnam including fungal, 2 bacterial and 2.
This borer attacks the crop during the early stage of cane growth, generally before internodes formation. Fungus, bacteria and virus cause diseases to sugarcane crop. Symptoms on glume are chocolatebrown, with small, black pycnidia and are. Sugarcane growing countries of the world are lying between the latitude 36. Tillage includes 1 to 2 preplant operations and 3 to 4.
Individual sections available in html and pdf formats. The crop is cultivated 3 to 5 times a year, in addition to herbicide use. Sugarcane, saccharum officinarum, perennial grass of the family poaceae, primarily cultivated for its juice from which sugar is processed. In rainy season, the disease spreads so fast that whole crop dries and not a single milleable cane is obtained. Sugarcane available for download and read online in other formats. Presented here is a comprehensive account of both theoretical and practical aspects of sugarcane production. In india, during summer season, high temperatures do not allow either the wheat crop or the rust to survive in the plain areas. Colletotrichum falcatum red rot is one of the oldest known diseases of sugarcane it occurs in most canegrowing countries complete loss to cane production in case of severe epidemic condition it continues to be a threat in certain subtropical countries 3. It causes the stem to bend at the top and the buds to turn brown and drop off the plant. It may also be kept in mind that sugarcane leaves are used as substrate for the artificial cultivation of edible mushrooms. The crop is grown primarily in the southcentral and northeastern regions, with southcentral brazil responsible for close to 90% of brazils sugarcane. Diseases of field crops and their management language. Nov 09, 2016 botanical name of sugarcne cane borers cane disease cane field cane sugar car bomb explosion centralamerica chichigalpa chichigalpa disease cycle of red rot of sugarcane disease of sugar disease. The goals of plant pathology research are to increase knowledge of plant diseases and develop costeffective management practices.
Pdf integrated control strategies for sugarcane disease. It also is the basis of large plantation enterprises. In 2012, the food and agriculture organization estimated it was cultivated on about 26 million hectares 64. Such poor crop growth is mainly due to accumulated pathogens inside the stalk affecting cane growth and photosynthetic efficiency, which directly results in reduced cane yield and sugar yield. Mosaic, which causes mottling or spotting of foliage and sometimes curling, dwarfing, and narrowing of the leaves, is due to infection by any of several viruses. Short crop nursery crop selection fo proper planting months for raising nursery crop. Diseases of various crops in india your article library. There are several impediments which contribute to low cane yield and one of the factors is plant diseases. It is a practice of growing a crop from the stubbles of previous crop. The following are common pests and diseases found in sugarcane cultivation. In louisiana individual owners produce cane for the local mills, and farms range from 200 to 2000 ha in size. Sugarcane cultivation information guide asia farming.
Dec, 2016 ipm strategy for sugarcane mealy bug use resistant varieties like co 439, co 443, co 720, co 730 drain excess water from the field detrash the crop on 150 and 210 days after planting. Approximately 80% is produced from sugar cane, which is largely grown in tropical countries. Sugarcane is the worlds largest crop by production quantity, with 1. Varieties co 6806, co 7219, co 7717, co 8208, co 85004, co 85019, co 86032 and coc 671 are suitable for salt affected soils.
Click this link for photo gallery of sugarcane diseases. The fungus also persists in the soil on the diseased clumps and stubbles as acervulli. The processing of sugarcane in a large scale industry for the production of sugar is shown in figure 1. Short crop nursery crop selection fo proper planting months for raising nursery crop in relation to main field planting. The rain splash, air currents and dew drops also help in the spread of conidia from the diseased to healthy plants. After reading these icar ecourse, please give your feedback for improve of the ecourse contents on this website. To attain good yields, sugarcane requires 2,000 to 2,300 mm 80 to 90 inches of water during the growing period.
Hard to scout for and fungus becomes more aggressive as heading occurs. Ii growth and production of sugarcane willy verheye encyclopedia of life support systems eolss industry varies between production areas. It is also grown commercially in united states in hawaii, parts of texas and california, and worldwide in many tropical to semitropical locations. Rsdinfected plants may be shorter with little or no decrease in diameter of the stalk. Diseases of field crops and their management pdf book. I was published by elsevier under the auspices of the international society of sugar cane technologists in 1961. The first of two parts of the book deals with origin, distribution, soil and climatic requirements, seed bed preparation, cultural and nutrient requirements, fertilization, irrigation, ratooning, weeds, pests, diseases, ripening, and.
There are more than 120 sugarcane diseases that have been found in the world presently chen 1982. The variety and species of pests in sugarcane crop is astonishing, as mentioned nearly 288 insects from the following orders and families are found in this crop. Rubbing of setts with gunny bag pieces dipped in malathion 0. To be viable and competitive, sugarcane growers face many challenges. List of diseases in plants caused by viruses healthfully.
Major diseases sugarcane breeding institute, coimbatore, india. The more common include helicotylenchus dihystera, pratylenchus zeae, xiphinema elongatum and, on sandy soils, meloidogyne javanica. The primary infection is mainly from infected setts. Potential impact and mitigation strategies dulizhao 1 andyangruili 2. Ipm strategy for sugarcane mealy bug use resistant varieties like co 439, co 443, co 720, co 730 drain excess water from the field detrash the crop on 150 and 210 days after planting. The information on this website does not warrant or assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of the courseware contents. This article is a list of diseases of sugarcane saccharum spp. Sugarcane diseases and pests, description, uses, propagation. Sugarcane planting r ecommendations for louisiana sugarcane producers the success of a sugarcane farming operation depends on the ability to produce good stands of plant cane and maintain suitable stands for stubble crops. Diagnosis and control of sugarcane important diseases. Improved water use e ciency of sugarcane under elevated co 2ismainlyassociatedwith the reduced stomatal conductance.
Apart from this, ratoon crop matures earlier and gives more or less same yield as regular. Biology and control of sugarcane diseases louisiana. In that region, the harvest runs from april to december, and in. Phytochemical profile of sugarcane and its potential. Sugarcane crop is cultivated for the production of sugar, but the processing of sugarcane yields various valuable products such as bagasse, brown sugar, molasses, syrup, and jaggery, along with sugar table sugar. More than 50 diseases are reported in sugarcane, fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes cause the most destructive diseases. The leaves of the plant grow from the nodes of the stem, arranged in two rows on either side of the stem. The bud blight virus infects soybeans, a staple crop. Pdf crop diseases recognition is one of the considerable concerns faced by the agricultural industry. An extensive volume of sugarcane diseases and their world distribution vol.
The crop demands a welldrained soil, and drainson the surface, underground, or bothare provided according to the topographic conditions of the fields. The present volume was intended to be a new edition of the book, but so many changes were required that a new book was needed. There are many constrain, including the heavy losses, caused by a number of diseases to the sugarcane crop. Edis is the electronic data information source of ufifas extension, a collection of information on topics relevant to you. Root damage caused by nematodes reduces the number and length of cane stalks and yield of sucrose. In 2012, the food and agriculture organization estimated it was cultivated on about 26 million hectares 64 million acres, in more than 90 countries. Phytoplasmas were previously known as mycoplasmalike organisms mlos. In india sugarcane is cultivated all over the country from latitude 80 n to 330 n, except cold hilly areas like kashmir valley, himachal pradesh and arunachal pradesh. Free outline of diseases of field crops and their management diseases of rice diseases of sorghum diseases of wheat diseases of pearlmillet diseases of maize diseases of sugarcane diseases of turmeric diseases of tobacco diseases of groundnut diseases of castor diseases.
Some examples of overground insect pests in sugarcane. Aesa based ipm sugarcane 1 aesa based ipm package for sugarcane sugarcane plant description. Sugarcane is highly productive crop and the biomass yield of sugarcane is the highest than any other crop. These all diseases are injurious in some areas, in some years and on some plant parts. Florida cooperative extension service comprehensive guide to sugarcane growing in florida, but also includes topics of interest in other locations such as mineral nutrition, pests and diseases, and weed control. Most of the worlds sugarcane is grown in subtropical and tropical areas.
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